{"id":9735,"date":"2022-05-30T11:34:08","date_gmt":"2022-05-30T09:34:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/seljak.me\/savjetuje\/?p=9735"},"modified":"2022-05-30T11:34:08","modified_gmt":"2022-05-30T09:34:08","slug":"potpuna-smjesa-za-ishranu-teladi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/seljak.me\/savjetuje\/potpuna-smjesa-za-ishranu-teladi\/","title":{"rendered":"Potpuna smje\u0161a za ishranu teladi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Prije nego pre\u0111emo na glavnu temu ovog \u010dlanka, trebalo bi da se podsjetimo da su goveda pre\u017eivari sa visokokomornim \u017eelucem. U pred\u017eelucima ( burag, mre\u017eavac i listavac) \u017eivi brojna mikroflora ( bakterije, protozoe i gljivice).<\/strong> Ova mikroflora razla\u017ee celulozu, sinteti\u0161e esencijalne amino- kiseline, kao i vitamine B kompleksa na ra\u010dun sastojaka iz obroka i razla\u017ee neke antinutritivne materije iz hrane i dr. Zahvaljuju\u0107i ovakvoj simbiozi, goveda i drugi pre\u017eivari mogu efikasno da koriste hranu sa visokim sadr\u017eajem celuloze. Me\u0111utim, visoka proizvodnja mlijeka i visoki dnevni prirasti ne mogu se posti\u0107i bez kori\u0161\u0107enja koncentrata.<\/p>\n

\n

Pri spremanju smje\u0161a koncentrata za goveda koriste se, isklju\u010divo, hraniva biljnog porijekla. Bolest ludih krava (BSE) koja se prenosi hranivima \u017eivotinjskog porijekla, dovela je do potpune zabrane kori\u0161\u0107enja ovih hraniva u obrocima za sve pre\u017eivare, sa izuzetkom mlijeka i surutke u prahu. Iz istog razloga u ishrani pre\u017eivara ne koristi se ni riblje bra\u0161no, jer postoji realna opasnost da se ovo hranivo falsifikuje dodavanjem mesnog bra\u0161na dobijenog od bolesnih \u017eivotinja.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Potpuna smje\u0161a- zamjena mlijeka za telad<\/h4>\n

Ovdje se radi o smje\u0161i kvalitetnih hraniva koja se rastvaraju u vodi temperiranoj na oko 38\u02daC u odnosu 1: 7-8 djelova. Na taj na\u010din dobija se te\u010dna zamjena za mlijeko, koja sadr\u017eajem suve materije i pojedinih hranljivih materija, zemjenjuje mlijeko. Daje se teladima nakon ishrane kolostrumom i sticanja pasivne imunoza\u0161tite. Telad je konzumira napajanjem iz kofe ili cuclom. U zamjenu za mlijeko uklju\u010duju se i surutka u prahu, kvalitetno sojino bra\u0161no, izolat proteina soje, krmni kvasac, premiks minerala i vitamina, antiksidans, emulgator, asorbent mikotoksina i dr.<\/p>\n

Potpuna smje\u0161a za telad I- po\u010detna<\/h4>\n

Koristi se kao prva smje\u0161a koncentrata u ishrani teladi, i treba da sadr\u017ei minimalno 20% sirovih proteina. Umjesto nje, teladima se naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e odmah daje starter smje\u0161a koja sadr\u017ei 18% sirovih proteina i koja je jednostavnijeg sastava i jeftinija.<\/p>\n

Potpuna smje\u0161a za telad- II od 50kg do 100kg<\/h4>\n

Daje se teladima ve\u0107 od 15. dana \u017eivota zajedno sa zamjenom za mlijeko, pa sve do postizanja 120- 130kg mase, odnosno do starosti od 3 mjeseca. U ovom periodu \u017eivota, funkcija pre\u017eivanaj se tek uspostavlja, pove\u0107ava se zapremina pred\u017eeludaca i u njih se naseljava mikroflora. Sve to zahtijeva da ova kategorija teladi dobija kvalitetnu kabastu hranu i koncentrat sa minimalno 18% sirovih proteina. Ostala ograni\u010denja su maksimalno 6% celuloze i 8% mineralnih materija u koncentratu.<\/p>\n

Tabela 1.<\/strong> Primjer potpune smje\u0161e za telad- II od 50kg do 100kg ( Original Dini\u0107)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Hranivo<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

U\u010de\u0161\u0107e u smje\u0161i, %<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Kukuruz<\/strong><\/td>\n27,68<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Je\u010dam<\/strong><\/td>\n25,00<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sto\u010dno bra\u0161no<\/strong><\/td>\n13,00<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sojina sa\u010dma, 44%<\/strong><\/td>\n15,00<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Suncokretova sa\u010dma, 33%<\/strong><\/td>\n10,00<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Krmni kvasac<\/strong><\/td>\n3,00<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sojino ulje<\/strong><\/td>\n2,50<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mono-kalcijum-fosfat<\/strong><\/td>\n0,52<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sto\u010dna kreda<\/strong><\/td>\n1,50<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sto\u010dna so<\/strong><\/td>\n0,50<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Premiks 1% za telad i junad.<\/strong><\/td>\n1,00<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tabela 2.<\/strong> Hemijski sastav smje\u0161e iz tabele 1<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Hranljiva materija<\/strong><\/td>\nMinimalno<\/strong><\/td>\nMaksimalno<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0Sadr\u017eaj u smje\u0161i<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Neto energija za rast i tov, NEM<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

–<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

–<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

7,15<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Sirovi protein (%)<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

18,00<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

–<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

18,12<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Masti (%)<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

5,00<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

–<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

5,18<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Celuloza (%)<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

–<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

8,00<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

5,81<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Pepeo (%)<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

–<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

8,00<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

5,67<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Kalcijum (%)<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

0,60<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

0,80<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

0,78<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Fosfor, ukupan \u2013(%)<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

0,40<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

0,60<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

0,60<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Fosfor iskoristiv (%)<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

–<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

–<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

So (%)<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

0,50<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0,60<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Lizin (%)<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

–<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

–<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

0,88<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Metionin+cistin (%)<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

–<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

–<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0,61<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Triptofan (%)<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

–<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

–<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

0,25<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Treonin (%)<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

–<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

–<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

0,66<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Histidin (%)<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

–<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

–<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

0,49<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Leucin (%)<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

–<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

–<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

1,47<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Izoleucin (%)<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

–<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

–<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

0,77<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Potpuna smje\u0161a za telad u porastu i tovu III od 100kg do 250kg<\/h4>\n

Funkcija pre\u017eivanja kod ove starosne kategorije je ve\u0107 uspostavljenja, tako da se efikasno koristi kabasta hrana, Me\u0111utim, zbog intenzivnog porasta neophodno je u obroku obezbijediti i adekvatnu koli\u010dinu proteina i brzo iskoristive energije. Nivo ukupnih proteina treba da je 16%, s tim da se dio proteina mo\u017ee obezbijediti iz NPN jedinjenja.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Prije nego pre\u0111emo na glavnu temu ovog \u010dlanka, trebalo bi da se podsjetimo da su goveda pre\u017eivari sa visokokomornim \u017eelucem. U pred\u017eelucima ( burag, mre\u017eavac i listavac) \u017eivi brojna mikroflora ( bakterije, protozoe i gljivice). Ova mikroflora razla\u017ee celulozu, sinteti\u0161e esencijalne amino- kiseline, kao i vitamine B kompleksa na ra\u010dun sastojaka iz obroka i razla\u017ee… Pro\u010ditajte vi\u0161e…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9736,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"spay_email":""},"categories":[23,22],"tags":[1043,1044,1045,731],"yoast_head":"\nPotpuna smje\u0161a za ishranu teladi - Savjetuje<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/seljak.me\/savjetuje\/potpuna-smjesa-za-ishranu-teladi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sr_RS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Potpuna smje\u0161a za ishranu teladi - Savjetuje\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Prije nego pre\u0111emo na glavnu temu ovog \u010dlanka, trebalo bi da se podsjetimo da su goveda pre\u017eivari sa visokokomornim \u017eelucem. U pred\u017eelucima ( burag, mre\u017eavac i listavac) \u017eivi brojna mikroflora ( bakterije, protozoe i gljivice). Ova mikroflora razla\u017ee celulozu, sinteti\u0161e esencijalne amino- kiseline, kao i vitamine B kompleksa na ra\u010dun sastojaka iz obroka i razla\u017ee... 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U pred\u017eelucima ( burag, mre\u017eavac i listavac) \u017eivi brojna mikroflora ( bakterije, protozoe i gljivice). Ova mikroflora razla\u017ee celulozu, sinteti\u0161e esencijalne amino- kiseline, kao i vitamine B kompleksa na ra\u010dun sastojaka iz obroka i razla\u017ee... 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